Skip to main content

Inverted Siphons

Inverted Siphons

When a main dips below the hydraulic grade line, it's referred to as associate inverted siphon. The purpose is to carry the sewer under the obstruction, such as roadway, railway, stream, river, etc. and regain as much elevation as possible. The sewage through such a pipeline (or inverted siphon) will flow under pressure which is greater than atmospheric pressure. Inverted siphons should be resorted to only where other means of passing the obstruction are not feasible, as they require considerable attention in maintenance. As the siphons are depressed below the hydraulic grade line, maintenance of self-cleansing velocity at all flows is very important.

Inverted siphon Designing

Inverted Siphons

  1. The construction of the siphon should be simple.

  2. The changes in direction should be easy and gradual.

  3. It is necessary to have a seIf-cleansing velocity of 1 meter per second for the minimum flow to avoid deposition in the line.

  4. The siphon should have two or three pipes of different sizes, laid parallel so that to the average Hows one pipe comes into service and when the flow exceeds the average, the balanced flow is taken up by the second and subsequent pipes.

  5. For the selection of proper sizes of pipes, the minimum average and maximum flows m the sewer should be considered.

  6. The total length of each pipe consists of straight lengths and the lengths of fall, bends, and rise. Allowance should be made for loss of head due to bends and due to increased friction on account of roughness in the siphon caused due to sitting in the straight length.

  7. The possibility of sitting should be avoided or minimized. '

  8. The design of inlet and outlet chambers should allow sufficient room for entry for cleaning and maintenance of siphons.

  9. Proper bypass arrangements should be provided from the inlet chamber to the nearby stream.

  10. if the length of the siphon is more, hatch boxes at intervals of about 100 m should be provided for the facility of rodding.

Popular posts from this blog

RS Aggarwal Aptitude Book PDF Free Download

RS Aggarwal Aptitude Book PDF Free Download RS Agarwal Aptitude Book PDF Free Download: Quantitative Aptitude by R.S Aggarwal is a standout amongst the most inclining books among the hopefuls getting ready for Bank PO, PO, MBA, RBI, IBPS, CAT, SSC, IAS, PSC, Hotel Management, Railway Recruitment Exams, and other aggressive and placement tests. This book is suggested by different specialists in this field. This book covers relatively every theme which is being requested for the focused exams. On the off chance that you are looking to Download RS Aggarwal Quantitative Aptitude PDF's most recent version with the expectation of complimentary then you appear to be at the correct place.    Download PDF  RS Agarwal Aptitude Book PDF Free Download This book covers Problems on Surds and Indices, Simplification, Numbers and Ages, Pipes and Cisterns, Boats and Streams, Problems on Trains, Simple and Compound Interests, Time and Work, Permutations and Combination, Clocks, Odd Man Out, Heights
Read more

Limitations of Terzaghi Theory

Limitations of Terzaghi Theory The value of the coefficient of consolidation has been assumed to be constant.  The distance d of the drainage path cannot be measured accurately in the field. The thickness of the deposit is generally variable, and an average value has to be estimated.  There is sometimes difficulty 1n locating the drainage face, and sometimes thin previous seams that can act as good drainage faces are missed in the boring operations. The equation is based on the assumption that the consolidation is one-dimensional. In the field, the consolidation is generally 3-dimensional. The lateral drainage may have a significant effect on the time rate of consolidation. The initial consolidation and secondary consolidation have been neglected. Sometimes these form an important part of the total consolidation. In actual practice, the pressure distribution may be far from linear or uniform.
Read more

Comparison between VSI and CSI

Comparison between VSI and CSI In power electronic systems, inverters are an essential component that converts direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). There are two main types of inverters used in power electronic systems: Voltage Source Inverters (VSI) and Current Source Inverters (CSI). Both have their own unique advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of which to use depends on the specific application and the desired outcome. Comparisons between voltage source inverters and current source inverters are as follows. In voltage source inverters, the input voltage is maintained constant and the amplitude of the output voltage does not depend on the load. However, the waveform of load current, as well as its magnitude, depends upon the nature of load impedance.  In current source inverters (CSI), the input current is constant but adjustable. The amplitude of output current from CSI is freelance of the load. However, the magnitude of output voltage and its undulation outp
Read more