Voltage Source Inverters Advantages And Disadvantages

Voltage Source Inverters Advantages

(i) It has simple logic and can be operated open loop (no feedback of amperes or volts 18 required for steady-state operation).

(ii) A single controller can be used with more than one motor.

(iii) Reliability 1s good, somewhat better than for PWM types.

(iv) Voltage stresses on motor insulation are relatively low.

(v) Can be designed for up to 500 Hz operation.

Voltage Source Inverters Disadvantage

(i) Speed range is limited because of motor cogging at 6 Hz and below.

(ii) D.C. link stability can be a problem at low speeds because of motor interaction with d.c. link filter elements.

(iii) Requires an additional set of power devices in the input stage if regeneration back to 3.6. the line is desired.

(iv) To obtain extended ride-through capability on incoming power loss, a d.c. chopper must be added to the d.c. link.

(v) Input power factor 1s poor below the base speed.

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Limitations of Terzaghi Theory

Limitations of Terzaghi Theory The value of the coefficient of consolidation has been assumed to be constant. The distance d of the drainage path cannot be measured accurately in the field. The thickness of the deposit is generally variable, and an average value has to be estimated. There is sometimes difficulty 1n locating the drainage face, and sometimes thin previous seams that can act as good drainage faces are missed in the boring operations. The equation is based on the assumption that the consolidation is one-dimensional. In the field, the consolidation is generally 3-dimensional. The lateral drainage may have a significant effect on the time rate of consolidation. The initial consolidation and secondary consolidation have been neglected. Sometimes these form an important part of the total consolidation. In actual practice, the pressure distribution may be far from linear or uniform.

Types Of Current Collector

Current Collector A current collector is a device used to collect electrical current from a moving conductor, such as a train or a trolley. It is typically used in electric vehicles, such as trains and trams, to transfer power from an overhead power source to the vehicle's electric motor. The current collector consists of a sliding contact, which is often made of carbon or copper, that makes contact with an overhead power source, such as an overhead catenary wire or a third rail. The sliding contact is mounted on the vehicle and is typically in the form of a pantograph or a trolley pole. The pantograph is a device with a metal frame and a spring-loaded arm that presses against the overhead power source. It is raised and lowered by the operator of the vehicle, and as it moves along the overhead power source it maintains contact and collects the electrical current. The trolley pole is a vertical pole that is mounted on the roof of the vehicle and has a horizontal arm that extends out

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